Sources

Sources

NBTHK

1. NBTHK, exhibition “Three Excellent Swordsmiths: Masahide, Naotane and Kiyomaro” (2025): Kiyomaro panel, first part (PDF)
2. NBTHK, the same exhibition: Kiyomaro panel, second part (PDF)
3. NBTHK, English catalogue of the same exhibition, first part (PDF)
4. NBTHK, English catalogue of the same exhibition, second part (PDF)

Museums and official databases

1. ColBase, Kyūshū National Museum: katana signed 源清麿 (Minamoto Kiyomaro) (F4)
2. ColBase, Tokyo National Museum: 硎記・鍛記余論 (Keiki, Tanki yoron), by Kubota Sugane (QB-7182)
3. Internet Museum: the “Kiyomaro” exhibition at the Nezu Museum (2014)

Studies

1. Markus Sesko, “The case of Kiyomaro”
2. Markus Sesko, “Kantei 1: Sugata #2”
3. Markus Sesko, “Kantei 1: Sugata #6”

Dictionaries and encyclopaedias

1. 源清麿 (Minamoto Kiyomaro), Japanese Wikipedia
2. 日本刀 (Nihontō), Japanese Wikipedia

Consulted, without a link

1. City of Ueda, 上田市の文化財 (Ueda-shi no bunkazai): the 1849 katana of the Kimura family

Image credits

1. Daishō by Kiyomaro of 1848 (Kaei 1), at an exhibition: the katana above and the wakizashi below (daisho-1848.jpg)

   SLIMHANNYA, via Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 4.0.

2. Both sides of a blade of the 1848 daishō (Kaei 1): gunome-midare and midare-komi bōshi (daisho-1848-hoja.jpg)

   SLIMHANNYA, via Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 4.0.

3. Katana signed 源清麿 (Minamoto Kiyomaro), of the second month of 1850 (Kaei 3), NBTHK Jūyō Tōken: nagasa 76.4 cm (katana-1850.jpg)

   SLIMHANNYA, via Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 4.0.

4. Tantō by Kiyomaro with its mount from the late Edo period (tanto-koshirae.jpg)

   SLIMHANNYA, via Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 4.0.

5. Katana signed 源清麿 (Minamoto Kiyomaro), of the eighth month of 1849 (Kaei 2), of the Kimura family of Ueda: a treasure of Nagano Prefecture (katana-1849-ueda.jpg)

   City of Ueda (Ueda Multimedia Information Center), © City of Ueda.